Origin & history
The adoption of the Gregorian calendar in Turkey dates back to the early 20th century. Before 1926, Turkey used the Rumi calendar and the Islamic Hijri calendar. As part of the sweeping reforms under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Turkey adopted the Gregorian calendar on January 1, 1926, aligning with Western nations. This change was part of a broader modernization effort to secularize and Westernize the country. Consequently, New Year's Day became a public holiday, separate from religious celebrations like the Islamic New Year, and was embraced as a secular occasion for renewal and festivity.
Customs & traditions
New Year's Eve is the main focus of celebrations in Turkey. Families and friends gather for a special dinner at home or in restaurants, featuring traditional dishes like roast turkey, stuffed grape leaves, and a variety of mezes. A popular custom is the 'New Year's lottery' (Milli Piyango), where people buy tickets hoping to win big prizes. At midnight, it is traditional to eat pomegranates, believed to bring abundance and prosperity, and to open Champagne or sparkling wine. Many also wear red underwear for good luck. Countdown celebrations are held in major cities, with fireworks and concerts, especially in İstanbul's Taksim Square. Television networks air special programs and the famous 'Year-End Gala' with performances and film screenings.
Why it is celebrated
New Year's Day in Turkey is a secular holiday symbolizing a fresh start and new beginnings. It is a time for people to reflect on the past year and set resolutions for the future. The holiday emphasizes family unity, joy, and hope for prosperity. Unlike religious holidays, New Year's Day is inclusive, celebrated by people of all backgrounds, and represents Turkey's embrace of modernity and global traditions.