Origin & history
Evacuation Day traces its roots to Tunisia's struggle for independence from French colonial rule. Tunisia became a French protectorate in 1881, and French military forces remained stationed in the country even after independence was achieved on March 20, 1956. The Bizerte crisis of 1961, in which Tunisian forces attempted to force the French out of the naval base at Bizerte, resulted in hundreds of casualties but ultimately led to negotiations. On October 15, 1963, the last French soldiers withdrew from Bizerte, completing the evacuation of all French troops from Tunisian soil. President Habib Bourguiba declared this day a national holiday to celebrate the full sovereignty of Tunisia.
Customs & traditions
Evacuation Day is marked by official ceremonies, including a presidential address and military parades, particularly in Bizerte, where the final evacuation took place. Flags are displayed across the country, and schools often hold educational events about Tunisia's independence struggle. Families may gather for festive meals, though it is a more solemn public holiday than religious ones. In recent years, the day has also become an occasion to reflect on national identity and unity, with cultural performances and exhibitions highlighting Tunisia's history.
Why it is celebrated
Evacuation Day symbolizes Tunisia's complete liberation from colonial rule and the assertion of national sovereignty. It honors the sacrifices of those who fought or died for independence, especially during the Bizerte crisis. The holiday reinforces national pride and unity, reminding Tunisians of their hard-won autonomy and the importance of maintaining independence.