Origin & history
Mountain Day (ๅฑฑใฎๆฅ, Yama no Hi) was established in 2014 and first observed in 2016. It was created to commemorate the ascension of Emperor Showa to Mount Mitake in 1948. The date August 11 was chosen as it coincides with the Japanese wordplay '8' (ya) and '1' (i) forming 'ya-ma' (mountain). The holiday was proposed by the Japanese Alpine Club and others to promote mountain culture and environmental conservation. It was signed into law as part of an effort to increase public holidays and encourage outdoor activities, especially during summer.
Customs & traditions
On Mountain Day, many Japanese people take trips to mountains for hiking, climbing, or camping. Mountain-themed events and festivals are held nationwide, some including traditional performances and local cuisine. Celebrants often enjoy 'yamanabe' (mountain hot pot) or onigiri (rice balls) as portable meals. People also visit mountain shrines and temples, participate in nature walks, and engage in volunteer activities like trail maintenance. In urban areas, people celebrate by visiting parks or watching mountain documentaries.
Why it is celebrated
Mountain Day is celebrated to foster appreciation for Japan's mountainous landscape, which covers about 70% of the country. It encourages people to connect with nature, promote physical health, and reflect on the environmental and spiritual importance of mountains. The holiday also highlights the role of mountains in Japanese culture, from Shinto worship of mountain deities to their depiction in art and literature. It provides a summer break for families and promotes outdoor tourism and conservation awareness.