Origin & history
Victory in Europe Day (VE Day) originates from the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany, signed on 7 May 1945 in Reims, France, and ratified on 8 May in Berlin. For France, which had suffered occupation since 1940, this day symbolized the end of a brutal period and the restoration of national sovereignty. General Charles de Gaulle, leader of the Free French Forces, announced the victory to the nation, and crowds spontaneously gathered in joy and relief. The holiday was officially established in France in 1953, initially observed on 8 May, though it was briefly moved to the second Sunday of May in 1959 before being restored as a public holiday in 1982.
Customs & traditions
VE Day in France is marked by official ceremonies led by the President and local officials, including laying wreaths at war memorials and the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier under the Arc de Triomphe. Schools, government buildings, and many businesses close, and the day is solemnly observed with moments of silence. In towns and villages, commemorative events often involve parades of veterans (now mostly symbolic), military bands, and speeches honoring those who died. Families may visit graves or attend local services. Traditionally, the French flag (tricolore) is displayed, and some communities hold communal meals or gatherings, though the tone remains respectful rather than festive. Food is not specifically associated with VE Day, but shared meals may feature simple French fare like baguettes, cheese, and wine, reflecting communal solidarity.
Why it is celebrated
VE Day is a reminder of France's liberation from Nazi tyranny and the end of the most destructive war in its history. It honors the millions of French soldiers, resistance fighters, and civilians who suffered and died, and celebrates the values of liberty, equality, and fraternity that were defended. The day also serves as a solemn warning against the horrors of war and extremism, and a reaffirmation of France's commitment to peace and European unity. For many, it is a day of national pride and collective memory, ensuring that the sacrifices of the past are not forgotten.