Sacred Heart (Sagrado Corazón de Jesús)

The devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus has deep roots in Catholicism, promoted by figures like St. Margaret Mary Alacoque in the 17th century. In Colombia, the feast gained prominence during the late 19th century, a period marked by political and religious turmoil. After the War of a Thousand Days (1899–1902), a devastating civil conflict, Colombian authorities sought to strengthen national unity under religious symbols. In 1902, President José Manuel Marroquín officially consecrated Colombia to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, seeking divine protection and peace. This act intertwined national identity with Catholic faith, making the feast a unique Colombian public holiday.

The date was set to the Friday after the Octave of Corpus Christi, following the Catholic liturgical calendar. Over time, the celebration became a movable feast, typically in June. The consecration was renewed periodically, and the day was declared a public holiday to emphasize its importance. The devotion also spread through the construction of churches and monuments, such as the Cerro del Santuario in Bogotá, which features a towering statue of Christ with a burning heart.

The day begins with special Masses in churches, often featuring the 'Act of Consecration' to the Sacred Heart, where prayers are recited for the nation and families. Many parishes hold processions with the image of the Sacred Heart, accompanied by hymns and floral offerings. In some regions, people decorate their homes with images of the Sacred Heart, and businesses or public buildings display flags with the symbol. A traditional food associated with the feast is 'natilla' (a custard-like dessert) and 'buñuelos' (cheese fritters), although these are more typical of Christmas; on Sacred Heart, families may gather for a festive meal including 'bandeja paisa' or other regional dishes.

In cities like Medellín and Bogotá, the day is marked by cultural events such as concerts or fairs, blending religious and secular activities. Since it is a public holiday, many Colombians use the day for rest and family outings. However, the core of the celebration remains religious, with many attending church to receive blessings. The feast also serves as a reminder of the country's Catholic heritage and commitment to peace.

Sacred Heart is celebrated as a day of national consecration and spiritual renewal. It symbolizes Colombia's dedication to Christian values, particularly compassion, love, and reconciliation, stemming from the post-war consecration. The feast is seen as a plea for peace and unity in a country historically marked by conflict. For Catholics, it reinforces the belief in Jesus' divine love for humanity, represented by his heart. The holiday also strengthens cultural identity, as it uniquely combines religious devotion with national pride, making it one of the most significant public holidays in Colombia.