Origin & history
The holiday originates from the approval of Andorra’s Constitution on March 14, 1993, after a historic referendum. Until then, Andorra was a feudal state co-governed by the Bishop of Urgell (Spain) and the President of France, a system dating back to 1278. The 1993 constitution was a watershed moment, replacing the medieval paréage system with a modern legal framework that established separation of powers, fundamental rights, and democratic institutions. The drafting process involved Andorran citizens, political parties, and international advisors, culminating in a 74% voter approval. This date symbolizes Andorra’s peaceful transition from a co-principality to a fully independent, democratic nation recognized by the United Nations (joined in 1993).
Customs & traditions
Constitution Day is a public holiday with official ceremonies led by the Co-Princes (Bishop of Urgell and President of France) or their representatives, typically held at the Parliament building in Andorra la Vella. The day includes the raising of the national flag, speeches by political leaders, and military parades by the Andorran Police and fire brigades. Schools and cultural institutions organize educational events about the constitution, and some towns host folk music and traditional dance performances, such as the sardana or contrapàs. While there are no specific foods linked to the holiday, families often enjoy a festive meal at home, and restaurants offer special menus featuring local dishes like trinxat (cabbage and potato cake) or escudella (meat and vegetable stew). In recent years, civic organizations have added workshops and debates to encourage public reflection on democratic values.
Why it is celebrated
Constitution Day celebrates Andorra’s democratic sovereignty and its emergence from centuries of feudal rule. It reinforces national identity, unity, and the rule of law, reminding Andorrans of their hard-won rights and freedoms. The holiday also underscores the peaceful coexistence of the two Co-Princes within a modern parliamentary system, symbolizing Andorra’s unique blend of tradition and progress.